Calotropis gigantea, commonly known as "Ark" or "Madar" in Hindi, is a perennial shrub belonging to the Apocynaceae family. This robust plant is recognized by various names, including Sodom apple, apple of Sodom, and giant milkweed. It thrives in tropical and subtropical climates, making its presence known in regions across Asia, Africa, and Australia.
| Botanical Name | Calotropis gigantea |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Synonyms | Calotropis procera, Asclepias gigantea |
| Order | Gentianales |
| Family | Apocynaceae |
| Species | C. gigantea |
| Habit | Perennial Shrub |
| Class | Eudicots |
| Genus | Calotropis |
| Range | Widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, and Australia. |
While not typically consumed for its nutritional value, Calotropis gigantea is known for its traditional medicinal uses. The plant contains various bioactive compounds that contribute to its pharmacological properties.
Calotropis gigantea exhibits a unique appearance with large, elliptical leaves and clusters of vibrant, star-shaped flowers. The plant is covered in fine hairs, giving it a velvety texture. The milky latex produced by the plant is rich in toxic compounds. Despite its toxicity, various parts of the plant are employed in traditional medicine for their therapeutic benefits.
Calotropis gigantea, when used without proper knowledge and dosage, can lead to adverse effects. The milky latex, in particular, contains potent toxins that may cause skin irritation and other allergic reactions. Ingesting parts of the plant can result in severe toxicity, leading to nausea, vomiting, and other gastrointestinal issues.
The plant has been traditionally used in Ayurveda and other traditional medicinal systems for its therapeutic properties. Different parts of the plant, such as leaves, roots, and latex, are utilized for treating various ailments. Calotropis gigantea is believed to possess anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and analgesic properties. It has been employed to treat conditions like skin diseases, wounds, and respiratory disorders.
It is essential to exercise caution when using Calotropis gigantea for medicinal purposes. The plant's toxic nature requires precise dosage and application. Individuals with known allergies or sensitivities should avoid contact with the plant. Pregnant and breastfeeding women should consult healthcare professionals before considering any form of medicinal use. It is crucial to adhere to traditional practices and consult with knowledgeable practitioners when incorporating Calotropis gigantea into healthcare routines.
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