Gmelina arborea, commonly known as Gamhar in Hindi, holds a significant place in traditional medicine and forestry practices. This perennial tree, belonging to the Verbena family, is indigenous to Southeast Asia. Its native names include Ghewar, Gumhar, Shanghu, Kasundi, Kadu, and Kumbi. Gamhar is known for its versatile uses and has gained popularity in various regions for its medicinal properties and applications in woodworking.
| Botanical Name | Gmelina arborea |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Synonyms | None specified |
| Order | Lamiales |
| Family | Lamiaceae |
| Species | arborea |
| Habit | Perennial Tree |
| Class | Eudicots |
| Genus | Gmelina |
| Range | Indigenous to Southeast Asia, including India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Malaysia, and Indonesia. |
While Gmelina arborea is not primarily consumed for its nutritional value, certain traditional medicinal uses harness its properties for therapeutic purposes. The bark, leaves, and roots are often employed in herbal preparations in traditional medicine systems.
Gmelina arborea is characterized by its perennial, tall stature with a straight trunk and a rounded crown. The leaves are simple, opposite, and broadly ovate. The bark is smooth, greyish-white, and exfoliating in thin flakes. The tree bears fragrant, yellowish-white flowers in axillary panicles. The wood of Gmelina arborea is valued for its strength and durability, making it suitable for construction and furniture making.
Limited information is available regarding potential side effects of Gmelina arborea. As with any herbal remedy, it is advisable to consult with a healthcare professional before incorporating it into one's health regimen.
The various parts of Gmelina arborea find applications in traditional medicine. The bark is believed to possess astringent and anti-inflammatory properties and is used for treating skin ailments. The leaves are employed in decoctions for their potential diuretic and anti-rheumatic effects. Additionally, the wood of Gamhar is widely used in construction and carpentry due to its strength and resistance to decay.
Pregnant or breastfeeding individuals should exercise caution and consult with a healthcare provider before using Gmelina arborea for medicinal purposes. Additionally, individuals with known allergies or sensitivities to plants in the Lamiaceae family should approach its use with care. As with any herbal remedy, moderation and professional guidance are recommended.
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